Coxe oven or carbonizing furnace



Jan. 23, 1923. x LMHM; G. A. BALZ.

COKE OVEN OR CAHBONIZING FURNACE. man JULY 6,1m?l

3 SHEETS-SHEET l. ,WIJ A 3% l NW9 ffA 4 I W i EN Jan. 253, l-)23.l

Y- f 1,443,161. (i. A. BALZ. v

COKE OVEN 0H CARBONIZING FURNACE. FILED JULY 6.1917.

INVENTOR PM/f R {5a-Q3, By tzorneys, hmm. @www 4 Mam l ,leiht the nur :rMI time o f nace in cylindrical or annular forni., with a multiplicity ot earhoniaing -eliambere or retorts which, with their heating` chambers and regeneratore, are arranged'to form eeetors ot an upright cylinder, or other closed ligure; i

lhe oven is shown in the accompanying drawings, 'Wherein,--

AFigure 'l .is a vertical inideetion;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section, the lett half 'in the plane ot the line Q in lligA l, the upper right-hand quarter in the plane of the line 2, and the. lower right-hand quarter in the plane oi' the line` 2 g) v Fig. 3 is a horizontal section, the left-hand halt being in the plane ot the line 3 in Figi, l, and the right-hand halt in the plane ot the line 3 therein;

Figs. Ll; and 5 are horizontal Section5` through the of the stach in the planes et 'the lines #met ando-5 respectiveli7 in Fig. l;

6 is a fragmentary Vertical section, he ingr an enlargement of part of' l'ligr. l

Figs. 7, S and 9 illustrate a rninliieation of the stach hase, 7 being),v a vertical ruidseetion and Figs. il and 9 horizontal eee-tions on the lines (f8 and SMS) respectively in Fig'. 7.

Fig. l0 is a 'trainnent of Fig. l, showing: the application oi" means for use iu making water grae;

llei'erringiF tiret to Fig'. l. designates the' base or foundation ou which the structure is erected. B li illustrate a Steel framework for supporting.;` the carbonizinir oven Vor iurnace proper, comprising' a platform C oi iron plates resting upon p 'irderel The masonry Structure D is huilt up on this platiorni and has externally the forni of an upri glit cylinder or other closed ligure. lt has a central ste-ani Aflue E and an outer 'wall lf,

wir'. temi no. water.

between which the interior oi the oven is divided by radial partitions G into sectors of any convenient number (eight being shown) it being desirable, but not necessary, that the nurnher of sectors shall he an even niirnloer.` in each sector is formed a earlionizing chamber or retort lill (theseheing hereinafter called retorte). These retort's are flanked on the sides toward the enter and toward the circumference, respectively, by heating; chambers or rines which .for the eveirnumbered sectors are. lettered 'l' re`- speetvely, and for the intervening o: oddnumhered eee-tors are lettered lJ. in each Sector are two regeneratingAehanihers, one, it, between the heating iiuee l or ll and the eenter, and the other. L, between 'the heatingfiiuee el' or .l and the external Wall. 'llhese several chambers and fines are formed in the lonilding up oi 'the structure. The structure may loe made of any material euitahle to the temperatures required ttor the distillation or oarbonization to he performed; for eolring it should he ot masonry, with those parte euhjeeted to hi temperatures made of or lined with tire hriclr or other suitable refractory.

Gti

ltlaeh retortv 'il' is closed at its bottom by a plug o r door M, and at its top heleen upright flue lil through which the dis Vtilled oli from the coal or other oarhomzable material may ascend, this flue heine.;v

continued hy a pipelll leading to Suitable gates,- O U which communicate with liydraiilie or traf-collecting marins i) and P', theee latter being annular so as' to receive the graecoue products troni all et the retorts. 'The purpose of two liyrlrauiio maine that hy proper manipulation of the gates; in the Well-known manner the lighter prod nets vtiret distilled ori may discharged into one lili/draulie inaimand the 'heavier products later eonir pj oil may he directed into the other one. i v

I The bottoni doors or closing plugs irl are fastened in place during the carlionizingr in any suitable way.y and e provided with any Suitable means 'tor loitering them and iuoviun them out of the way 'when it is deeired to diunp out hy gravity the earhonized charge from the retort. At such time the charge falls into a Lquenohiung vessel Q, which may contain water, or into which Water mag7 he sprayed. The top oli the vessel Qis closed by a eover Q mede in sections, one oi which, Q2, io, shown withdrawn in Fig. l so that an opening;

lilo

is formed to receive the hot eolie falling from the retort just above. In the operation ofdischarging the carbonizcd material the slidng cover section Q2 is first drawn out the bottom stopper )l is lowered and moved or swung ofi' laterally and the carbonizcd material falls into the quenching vessel. wiereupon the slide Q2 is replaced and the steam generated in quenching passes up through the central fine lt to the staclc lt. Thus. the .one central Hue serves for carrying otl' the vapor or steam from the successive quenchings ot' the carbonized material .from each of the retorts.

The retorts are heated by the burning ol gaseous fuel in the combustion chambers or flues l. l. J, J. The gas enters through pipes S and upright branch pipes leading therefron'i. to the bottoms ot the combustion I'iues, being controlled b v cocks or valves a (L- Aty the bottoms oi' these combustion lues it is commingled with heated air entering in ladial or other desired direction through lateral fluesc from the bottoms of the regenerating chambers l\v and l1 respectively.

The tops of the regenerating chambers K L are connected by l'lues r/ c which unite in an upright tlue having a valve or cover -controlled b v a damper j.

f/ and having a lateral branch entering into the base chambers of the stack lt. 'lhe arrangement is such that when the regenerating chambers of (say) the odd-nmnbered sectors are drawing in air from outside. their covers g being lifted (as shown at the let't in Figl), the regenerators of the evennumbered sectors are discharging the spent and cooled products ot' combustion through the lues c f to the stack. This continues fc a suitable interval ot' time` whereupon the condition as respects the odd and evennumbered chambers is reversed. To accomplish this the upright pipes f connect alternately into a lower and an upper stack base chamber t 7L respectively, and provision is made whereby one or other ot these base chambers is brought into communication with the. Stack R, For this purpose a suitable construction is that shown in Figs. l, 4 and 5. The lower base chamber liy is connected laterally with the upright llues f of the odd-numbered sectors while the upper chamber L is connected with the lues of the even-numbered sectors. The chamber /1y connects with the stack through a flue i y The chaniber fz. communicates with the stack through an opening i controlled by a damper j. The dampers j j are opened alternately. lfhen the damper j is closed the valves g of the odd-numbered fines f are open atthe left in YFig. 1), and the valves g of the even-numbered fines f are closed (as at the right in Fig. l). When the damper j is closed the damper j is opened, and the relative positions of the odd and even-munbered valves .f/ are reversed.

Air to support combustion is admitted to the tlues which are opened by the lilting ot' their valvesl y. and descends through flues r/ c and through the regenerating chambers K L, being heated b v llowing around the hot baille bricks or other obstructions in these chambers; the heated air then passes through the llucs c and supplies oxygen to the jets of gas admitted by the burners at the bottoms oi' the com` bustion tlues l J. The gases burn in these tlucs and heat the intervening retort ll. 'l`he escape of the gases from the tops olV the llues J is more or less obstructed by top partitions having perforations of either fixed or adjustable area. through which perforations the hot gases of combustion llow into upper connecting tlues f wl These, upper fines extend circumferentially lor a distance covering two of the tui-nace Seetors (as shown in the lower right-hand quadrant in Fig. 2, which is cut in the plane ol' these tlues). Thus, the flues l m bridge over and connect respectively the combustion tlues I l and the combustion iues J J ot' such two adjoining sectors.

The burnt gases thus ascending from the fines l J into the horizontal fines Z m are conducted by the latter in cireinnierential direction over the tops ot the lines I J; the, hot gases then descend through these flues, whereby they give up heat to the carbonizing retort H lying between them; at the bottoms of these flues thel hot gases pass through the lues Z; c into the bottoms ot' the regenerating chambers l( and L respectively. The gases then rise through these chambers7 heilig diverted by the baille bricks or other ol'istructions therein. whereby they give up a considerable part. ot their remaining heat to these batlles: and linally the gases escape from the upper ends oi these chambers through the flues r/ e to the stack (the valves f/ ot the lines thus communicating being closed` and thc valves j jf so placed that these ascending products may enter the stack).

lt. will be understood that the valves or dampers j and. g are manipulated at suit- .able intervals of time so as to reverse the iow of gases through the combustion (lues I J, I J. and regenerators K L, these latter being alternately heated b v the. spent gases of combustion and employed to deliver heat to the entering air. The alternation of the dampers must be effected at such intervals of time as will suffice. or. the one hand` tor heating up the battles in the regenerating chambers. and. on the other hand. for eti'ectivclv heating the air which descends through these chambers.

The coal or other carbonizable material is held in a bin or hopper T above the oven.

ldO

heisser v py The quenching pun Q is closed et the bottom, by s door of, by opening which the quenched coke muy be dropped out (the Water hu ving been run out through this door or otherwise) and muy be teiten away by tiny suitable receptzficle, such as :t conveyor Working tlirough uJ chamber or passage r be heath. lin Fig. l n conveyor s is shown ttor this purpose. in order to evoid 'undue checking of the draft inthe steek, the vapor tine E muy bevclosed when not in use by' meses oi:x s demper such es the butterdy vulve shown et t.

it may sometimes be found desirable to adjust the sirens ot the Hue ports or perforations in the partitions lc. This may be sccompiished by the Ineens shown in Fig. 6

with respect to the iue Z (or equally With the Hue m). A loose tile or brick u is shown' resting on the purtition 7c, and which may be pushed more or less over the perforation. or port by meuns of any suitable rod or poker inserted into the fine Z through the passage o which is normally closed by a removable cap ro. Such o poker inserted :tor this purpose is shown in dotted lines ut o.. The tile u muy be variously constructed so that it may be moved more or less by the poker, und the opening o muy be of any suitable shape and size to permit of the necessary menipw` lotion. i

i' have not deemed it necessary to illustrate in detail en y Ineens for operating the dumpers 7" j und vulves g g', nor for lowering the retort doors or stoppers M M und moving the letter sidewise to bring 'them out et line with the retorts und permit the gravity discharge ot' the coke; nor to show automatic Ineens for operating the ges valves o e; rerious devices for these purposes being olready known in the lort end forming no port of my invention.

My. invention is not limited to the precise meuns shown ior controliingthe inlioW of oir nud the outflow ot spent grises to the steelt.v The flue connections, with their dempers y" und vulves g g, are shown es u. simple and convenient construction which may be substituted. by any other suitable means whereby during alternate phases of the operation ci the oven air may be admitted to the tops of the regeneretors of (for example) the odd-nun'ibered sectors, and the spent combustion products from the tops ot the intervening (even-numbered) regenerating chambers may be discharged tothe steelt.

iin pructice, with such ovens automatic devices ere provided which reverse the tlow through the regenerstors et predetermined internals of time (soy, Jor exempie, i5 to 30 minutes), ut the sume time opening or closing the gus velves o orso es to admit ges only to those combustion chambers l d or li J' in which the upward flow is occurring. Thus,l the combustion fines or chumbers il d und l J become alternately combustion chambers in which the burninggztses uscend, end hosting -iues in which the hot combos tion products descend.

ln the preferred use et the sppuretus the retorts H H ere emptied und recharged in succession, either in their circumferentiul order or in any other order which muy be found desirable. Thus, the cerbonsceous charge in each retort is heeted slterneteiyby the burning ascending grises und by the het descending guses in its drinking chambers ll J or. li J. This heating is continued es merry hours os moy be necessary to complete the curbonizntion. Boring ull this time the gaseous products distilled eti ere escaping Sti through the dues N N to one or other ot the hydraulic moins PP".

ln actuel operation thefgeses thusdisn tilled ed, whichmuy be combustible gnses in the nature et illumine-ting, producer or water gus, willbe collected in any suitable gus holder. lln the case of combustible gases, so much thereot :is is required may be conducted to the ges supply pipes Si for maintaining the combustion in the chambers l tlf, l il. Water ges is produced by introdueing steam to the' retorts in the Welhhnown manner. The kind of gas to be produced is dependent upon'tli'e @Way the operation is conducted, as is welllcnown tothose skilled in the ges producing 'art Figs. 7, 8` und' 9 show e simplified con `.struction ot' /thebsseof the stach. rPhe chambers 7i k are' constructed und connected withthe respectiye fines f in the sume menner olefin the constructionfirst described, except that 4the vapor this E is not carried up concentrially through the stuck and through these chambers, but instead enters only the lower' chamber it. 'l` his permits s single damper j to be'used in place ot the lWhen thrown to one side two dempers j. the lower chamber 71, is connected to` the steelt, and when thrown to the other' side the upper chamber h' is so connected. This construction operates the seine as that rst described, except that it is necessary during thequcnching period that the demper shall be thrown {,to the right, as shown, in order that the riipors muy be drawn up the stuck.

rlihe novel construction ot' carbonizing turnnce herein set forth hns certain important practical advantuges. By reason of its upright, cylindrlc-ul or other equivalent form ist ' mis?- azid the consequent easie 2th which ir; waiis, if of masonry, may ha hound by hoops or otherwise, it hasy g'i'ea Structural stability Us upright Vform also gives (greatly iiirrrfased carhonizing capzmity per unit` of groiuiiii arca occupied. The hea is grixeiaed and used iuterioriv. which ssiaciiws the iriaximmii avofdance of heat losses. The arI iiigfeiiimr. of regoiierators on oppoaiil sides oi h@ r@- torts rontrihnirs to grml', economy by tho iiiinimiziiigr oi" heat loss: s. X.Yiwu used a5 a gas gonerator for carhonixiiigr mmh the Vi'iirnace permits oi: hey rarhoiiizatioii oi imi' volatiley coals with a rrsuitaii proihiift @if gas of very high qualityt this hiiig ihm i-o the moriJ im `form ioiiiitioratiiro maiiiraiiwci. ami to the fact that ihe. retorts are verdrah which havo boon found iii practico to ivi a higher quality ami groai'cr yiihi of and irV--pi'iiiiiirtsg than with horizoiiizii roiors. V'hvii HSM for ihr proihlvtioli of coke the same advantage iii quality and quaiiity oi' gas is roaiizmh ami tho rvsiiiaii coke of exceptional ilens'ty, vhis hriiigr du@ to tho pressure oxorml hy the weight of ho superimposed coal. The iiiiproveai furnace pci'- mits oi 'thil uae of coal oi high volatility, and siii] results in a verv ihno coke. It has the advantago oi vcrticai rotors in avoiding the tendency of the charge Lo Stich' in piace and re, it th eiiiptjving of they retort. Because the gase' d'aiiiled oii' 'from the coal or othrr farhmiixahh maicriai arey not as'intimaeiy brought imo rorii'zii'i with non-heat-ahsorhiiig ssiiri'awfs.

incaiuivswiit- 'the 'formation and deposit .of himp hiaok or other form of solid carbon if; avoided ami a greater quantity and vahio oi' h v-proahiws, :siirh as tarv ammonia7 honzoi, or.. is riaiiami. By reason of rho coiicantrir arraiigmiiciii; ihr in'iprov ii furnace periiiis of tho roni'oriioii and compari (amiral zi1'iziii;iiiiri of a vapor fiile or stach to carry ofi" thiz swam promu-mi r m (hiring` (plow-hing. im now hangin prrmiis oi' the roiis'lrori'ion oi' -a.rhoiii :iii; chaiiilmrs and producer gras gfeiirrat'ora iii rvhiivriy small pianta, as ii oliii'iiiiatws i-oaiy auxiliary apparalis :51:11h as :i piighcf' for iliarharging the ook@ a quan-hing (far. i. mi a coaiwharg'- ing (far. Vit aii'owis thi uimoiq woiioiirv in iahor as romparrii with oihm' rok@ oviiis. inasmiirh as tho wor! irs dom? nimmst viiiirviy hv gravity. The gravity diaihzirgo of the rohr miniers ilniiocriisar-v 'rho Qmpiovmont of an)v mrrhaiiirai iiioais Siu-h aS pusher-s. am] ihm-@hy Qiiiiiii'iaiix-: hif omai heavy niainieiaiivc vhargrr: oi .Sm-h coinpushingy equipment. iiuraiiso oi" rho vorLiv-al retori's with the qiifeiirhiiig moana dirne-Hy hfneath. hv queiirhi' of the (rohr i iii-- stairtaiwoiis, Whit-h avoids i oli oke h): combustion and 'aiso avoid@ thv dosarmfioii oi the vessois @mpiovwi for rarrviiig' away Hamingr ook@ irma the oww. The iiifw eir- Sign has :liso 'rho aiivaii'ag when mami zo;

i 'ori which vi ich follow:

Ahh-:nigh :iii iiprigfjh l prmtorahhf i'orxii 'for ilu,- fl. firm is hoi liiiiicii hiroo, he varied hv thu adoption o! i rho V, hv mvv-ii form ma) i viiiziraioiii' upright figur@ m" s vimmirirai www i'ioiz; ami hi iiiviiiiion ma;Y mi in pari, avaifuil of' hf.' using emo or mori oi rho soggiiiiiia or sectors whirh coiiiiiiito ihr Qhiiiits' ivhrh iii their ciiirfi-j; make up iii." "oiiiilfo i'ixrnaw" iri iis prsi'k-rrwi i'oriii.

i ciaim as, my iiivriiioii Y 1. A arhoniaing 'fai-.naw formed as :iii uprigfh ariiciire having upright ra hai par-` ions divinl j in iiito Serio and circuiiifeb eiiiai paritioiis, ihi wsprrtivi pai'ifzioiis Yforming ui 'ghi s ffnwiiro--imiiiiar rai hoiiiziiig roiorrs of :rior Ciroiimioiciiii-i than radial diiiiiziirsioii, operi to he exterior at 'rhifir boi'toii'i omis, ivi'h .individual hoiiom closures therefort ixpiil'gh' Se g'iiioiiiioqiniiriiar romhii; ion finos iai/114mg such wlortsi, ami iijirighr mei'it aiiiiiiiar roi iwi-Ming vhaiiihrra piiiai'ciiiig; "iivh voii'ihiiion iiiiifa. il. carhoniziiigj ifi nare coiiiprib'xig :i ivaihd siriirure forizioii of :in azmiila sirios in* iifffriohriniiiar uliiright .frarhoiiiziiig r3- aiiiiiiiar =riifs or Svgnimi'oanmilar mii'ihii-;iiou ihiw: iiahhiiiff such rotor-ts, ami aiiiiiihzr wri oi rrgf-iiarzi/iiigr uhmahors, with (-ozm: lines ami iiihfls, :imi ('oiiroiiiii i if :iitoi'iiatrfly :iiimi hcawi ai a i; che ooiiihliaiioii ii :es am? iliqri t i giroi'hscifs oomhiisioii {hervir-om ihroiiah the reggelieizii 1-a- 3A rarhoiiizzizigg @d as ixpriifhi s'riii'iiiro hirzii form having' huhu/,ing finos ami rrgrii Si U ' scrivi; of carmf conihiisiifm i' h-s Irs hummm-'b im; thu iippc-r omis o hoir combustion hifs, ami filles connecting hair iowa ends with the ,ragroiioraiiig-5 iffinos con hmmm ih@ @noia am:

cha mlm-i; is, a iid :oii-

hiis ion ihres.

formed as au up 1 im siimiiviiiod to ronsiiite :i a aiiiiizhr #Priori of' isirhoriisc'ng rif floris and hearing Huw .ii .kixig saith retorna.

lim

l Oli wt'iie qneneliingsressel beneath t-leiurnace oriented to receive 'the carhonineri.- rneiterini discharged troni tiny one oithe -retorte9 end with a vapor flue leading from saitlkouenching vessel up through the center or the 'furnace. i

*lin e. carloonizing furnace, segmentoennulernpright retorts.J a peirot upright seg;- mentoennnlar combustion" fines ienlring eeicl retorts and upright regenereting charnhere eonnnnniceting with said Hoes et one enit and iues connecting the pair ot' conilonss-v tion tlnee at the other end thereof;` 1with gas inlets to said combustion lines, enel ineens `for controlling; saiol inlets and for control'- iing the direction ot tion through said pair el? vihres end regenerating; chambers.

e. 'in a cerhonining furnace, upright nientonnnular cerhonining retorte, a pair of sereinento-anmilerconihnntion inee par ariieling Seid retorts and regenerating elimini here communicating with said' fines at their bottoms? sind iiues connectingr the pair ot, combustion fines at their tops, gee inlets` to the bottoms i the combustion fines, and ineens for controlling eaicl inlets enti for controlling; the flow through Said fines enel regenerating chfnnhers.

7. ln zi eerhonizing furnace, upright een nientonnnular retort@7 a pair et npriwiit eonihnstion linee closely neralleiing said retorto,y e pair oi eegginentrrannular regeneratingn chambers communicating with eaitl pair oi lues respectively at one endS and horizontel tine connemtingv the combumion lines ot such pair et the other end thereof; 'with iniete to Said combustion nues, iues liendingr from the iewenerating eharnloere,f valves controlling@u the admission oli air to Saicl lat-v ter lines, asteclr., and. connections from saici latter tlnee to the stach', encl means :tor controllinn @aid iinee enel inlets.) Where-hy air admitted through :i regenereting cliainher to a. ooinhnetion tlue tor one retort., through Wl ich flue the hnri'iing pese, and thenceto anal through the nent combustion tine and then, pass through the other regenerating cheminer to the stack9 euch 'iovv being reversible from time to time.

Si in a cerhonining furnace, an upright structure tliviflerfl to tor-in a cocentric arrangement of successive upright carhonizing retorte erich. iienlred hy heating lneei charging 'lines at the upper ends of seitl retorts through which to introduce carhoninehie ma terial, ahopper for such material vabove the furnace having gates for discharging the material clirectly into the respective cloargn ing fines7 individuel bottom Stoppers 'for the 7nottonis of the respective retorts, and a. wrenching uanlr beneath the 'furnace adapted to receive directly the carhonizefl material rlieclnirffefl from either oi seid retorts, wlw the furnace is adepted for continuons cerhonizing in seicl retorte clischarg ing and recharging them in succession.

9. lin acnrhonizing nrnefce having' a plnrelity or' eectione, each section including en upright segmento-ennnlar carbonizinp retort, with combustion fines flanking it ent regeneratore adjacent Seial fines, the nueces sive retorts forming' an annular Series, and the successive regeneratore oiininghan en nular series, and `a stack ehove the furnace hevinget its heee two chembere, iinee connecting from the regeneretors to said chene` lon'e,I the rines from the mld-numbered. regenerators to one chamber anni troni the evennumhererl i regenerators. to the other charnher, anol menne for coi'inectinig' either 4Stack-chanilfier to thestecir whereby to olrew product-S of combustion from the eveniiuinhereci or oclclfnunihereri reggenerators enti their connectecl combination' tinee at willu Y 10. A carhonieing ,nrnece formed ee an upright structure et approximately cylin dricei shape subdivided upright circnirnw i'ierentiel partitions enel upright redini per titione to form apluality oi? npright ce1u honizing; retorts arranged in a cri-centric. annular series, two series of coment-ric heating lines flanking soc-h retorte, the oneseriee arranged annuiarly enterieri);7 of the retorts and the other series errnngetl annularly in teriorly ot the retorte, and. regenerating; chambers parallel te euch iiuee and arranged respectively exterior-ly end interioriy of the retortnu il. i carbonizing tnrruice formed,- ae en upright structure of approximately cylindricel shape subdivided hy upright circumferential partitions :incl upright radial par-` titions to torni a plurality,1 ot upright cer# honining retorts arranged in a comentric annular series, two series of heeting; fines Henning such retorte,v the. one series arranged annulaiiy enteriorly oit the retorte and the other series arranged annnlerljv interiorly oil the retorte, :incl two Series of regenereting chambers paralleling seid Hues, the one SerieeeXter-ior to the outer heating fines and the other Series; within the inner vheatin" flnea l2. cmr'looniningl furnace formed as an upright structure subdivided ley upright partitions to. t'orin a centrel verticaltlue, series; or segmental. regeneratingP chambers eurronnrling euch tine., an annular series ot comonstion three surrounding erich chain here, an. annular oeriee ot upmght cerhonining retorts surrounding said lines, a second series of combustion ilues surrounding said retorts, andV an. outer annular series of regenerating chambers eurroundingr said lastnamed fines.

.13. A carbonizing upright structure subdivided to form upright carhonizing retorts encl combustion fines. and a central flue passing entirely furnace formed as en through the structure, with a stack mounted on top of said structure communicatingwith said central iueA and connected to create a draft through said combustion fines.

14. A earbonizing furnace formed as an upright structure subdivided to form upright '-arbonizing`retorts and combustion tlues, and a central flue passing entirely through the, structure, a quenching tank beneath said structure adapted to receive directly the, carbonized material discharged from any ol Said retorts, a connection from said tank to the bottom of said central flue, and a stack above said structure connected to the top ot' said central Hue to create a draft or drawing o vapors from said tank.

15. A'carbonizing furnace formed as au upright approximately cylindrical structure. subdivided by vertical partitions to forni a plurality of upright carbomzmg retorts having bot-tom openings, and upright combustion lues flanking such retorts, and a central flue passing vertically through said structure., a .framework supporting said structure, a quenching tank located centrally beneath said structure to receive the carbonized material discharged from any of said retorts and connected with the bottom otI Said. ceutral lue, and segmental covers for laid quenching tank corresponding to such retorts. whereby when a retort. is to be discharged the segmental cover beneath such retort may be svitlulrawn without otherwise uncovering the quenchingr tank.

1.6.'A carbonizing furnace formed as an elevated upright structure subdivided to form ay group ot' upright,carbonizingV rctorti` with heating flues adjacent to such retorts, the several retorts open at their bottom ends to discharge down 'ardly by grav iiv, independent individual closures tor the bottoms of the respective retorts. a quenching vessel beneath the furnace adapted to receire the material discharged `from an \Y oi' the 1etmts,`and means for covering sail vessel adapted to be opened beneath any one retort when discharging,r carbonized material therefrom into said vessel.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

GEORGE A. BALZ, 

